Culture and history

Culture and History

Genesis of the Islands

Research has shown that Lošinj island has been inhabited since the Neolithic period and possibly even since the end of the Paleolithic period. Many cultures have lived in this area, including the Illyrians, Liburnians, Greeks, Romans, Austrians, Italians, and finally Croatians. Each generation left a mark on today's culture.

One of the most famous legends is the myth of Apsyrt, explaining the genesis of the islands. Apsyrt was searching for his father's Golden Fleece, stolen by Jason, a member of the Argonauts. Apsyrt's sister Medea fell in love with Jason, and together they betrayed Apsyrt. Jason killed Apsyrt from an ambush, and Medea dismembered his body, throwing the pieces into the sea. From these pieces, according to legend, the islands of Apsyrt - the Apsyrtides - were formed.

Ancient Tower

In the 15th century, Venetian rulers built a round defensive tower to protect Veli Lošinj. This Renaissance tower was designed with thick walls and a short height to withstand cannon fire. Over time, the tower underwent modifications, but its defensive purpose remained.

The inhabitants of Lošinj took charge of their own maritime defense, protecting the settlement from Turkish, Uskok, and other Venetian enemies. By the 18th century, the tower was abandoned, but in 1774, it was renovated. Under Austrian rule, the fortification was no longer needed.

A major restoration project began in 1992, culminating in the opening of the Tower as a museum in the year 2000.

Church of St. Anthony

This impressive Baroque parish church has a tall bell tower rising by the seaside. The first church, St. Anthony the Hermit, was built in the 15th century, replaced in the 17th century, and the current church was built in 1774.

Thanks to the captains of Veli Lošinj, the church possesses the largest collection of artistic paintings in Kvarner. In the past, church altars were made of wood and frequently replaced. When wealthy captains traveled, they brought back valuable works of art, which were donated to the church, preserving them for generations.

Legend of St. Gaudentius

St. Gaudentius was a Benedictine monk who was appointed bishop of Osor. He confronted the sinful lifestyle of the citizens, leading to his exile. He retreated to the mountains, living as a hermit.

According to legend, he cursed all poisonous snakes on Cres and Lošinj, explaining why none exist on the islands today.

After his death in Rome, his mortal remains miraculously returned to Osor, and in his honor, a small church was built, making him the patron saint of Osor and the islands.

Susak's Costume

Susak's traditional costume is unique, featuring a mini-skirt instead of a long one. It consists of multiple layers, designed for different ages and occasions.

"Po susacku" (Susak-style) is for everyday wear.
"Po losinjsku" (Lošinj-style) is for festive occasions.

The costume includes:

"Socks" (felt shoes with red woolen strings)
Bright red woolen stockings
Layered skirts creating a conical shape
Highly decorated aprons and scarves

Men's costumes are simpler, consisting of dark trousers, a colored shirt, a wide belt with oriental designs, and a cap or sailor's beret.

Unique Bronze Statue - Apoxyomenos

The bronze statue Apoxyomenos was found in 1996 near Lošinj, submerged at a depth of 45 meters. After careful conservation, it was presented to the public.

Originally sculpted by Lisipus, this masterpiece from the 1st century BC - 2nd century AD was recovered in 1999 and restored over several years.

Made of seven separately cast parts
Discovered by a Belgian tourist
Preserved with no chemical substances used

Today, a copy is displayed in the Veli Lošinj Tower, while the original is exhibited in the Museum of Apoxyomenos in Mali Lošinj.

Vransko Lake

A natural phenomenon, Vransko Lake has its surface above sea level, but its bottom lies 74 meters below. It serves as a freshwater reservoir and home to many fish.

One legend tells of two sisters, one rich and wicked, the other poor and kind. During a drought, the poor sister asked for help, but the rich sister refused. As punishment, her castle was flooded, and to this day, strange sounds and bells are heard from the lake’s depths.

NEREZINAC LUGGER – Sailing Interpretation Centre

The Nerezinac Lugger is an open-air museum, showcasing Lošinj's maritime heritage.